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Cavities: Causes and Prevention
Cavities, also known as tooth decay, are holes in the hard outer layer of your teeth (enamel). They are caused by a combination of factors, including bacteria, sugar, and time. When you eat or drink sugary foods and drinks, the bacteria in your mouth feed on the sugar and produce acid. This acid attacks the enamel on your teeth, causing it to weaken and eventually break down, forming a cavity.
Causes of Cavities
The main causes of cavities include:
- Bacteria: The bacteria in your mouth feed on sugar and produce acid, which erodes tooth enamel.
- Sugar: Sugary foods and drinks provide fuel for the bacteria in your mouth.
- Poor Oral Hygiene: Not brushing and flossing regularly allows bacteria to build up in your mouth.
- Dry Mouth: Saliva helps neutralize acid and wash away food debris. If you have a dry mouth, you are more likely to develop cavities.
- Genetics: Some people are genetically predisposed to cavities.
How Cavities Develop
Cavities develop in a series of stages:
- Plaque Buildup: A sticky film of bacteria called plaque forms on your teeth.
- Acid Production: Bacteria in plaque feed on sugar and produce acid.
- Enamel Erosion: The acid attacks the enamel on your teeth, causing it to weaken.
- Cavity Formation: Over time, the weakened enamel breaks down, forming a hole in the tooth.
Preventing Cavities
You can prevent cavities by following these tips:
- Brush Your Teeth Twice a Day: Use a fluoride toothpaste and brush for two minutes each time.
- Floss Daily: Flossing removes plaque and food debris from between your teeth, where your toothbrush can't reach.
- Limit Sugary Foods and Drinks: Reduce your intake of sugary foods and drinks, especially between meals.
- Drink Plenty of Water: Water helps rinse away food debris and neutralize acid.
- See Your Dentist Regularly: Get regular dental checkups and cleanings to remove plaque and early signs of decay.
Conclusion
Cavities are a common problem, but they are preventable. By following these tips, you can keep your teeth healthy and free of cavities.