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We've all heard about ACE2, the cellular doorway that the COVID-19 virus uses to sneak into our cells. But what if there's another way in? Emerging research suggests that SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19, might have a secret weapon – the ability to exploit a protein called CD147 to gain entry into our cells.
CD147: More Than Just a Fancy Name
Don't let the technical term fool you. CD147, also known as Basigin or EMMPRIN, is a busy protein found on many cell types throughout your body. Think of it as a communication hub, facilitating interactions between cells. Unfortunately, viruses like HIV and measles also exploit CD147 to infect cells. Now, SARS-CoV-2 appears to be joining the club.
Unraveling the Mystery of COVID-19's Effects
The potential link between SARS-CoV-2 and CD147 could explain some of the puzzling aspects of COVID-19:
- Diabetes Link: Studies show that high blood sugar, a hallmark of diabetes, increases CD147 production. This could explain why people with diabetes are more vulnerable to severe COVID-19.
- Blood Clots: CD147 is present on red blood cells and the lining of blood vessels. If the virus latches onto CD147 on these cells, it could trigger excessive blood clotting, a serious complication seen in some COVID-19 patients.
- Other Health Conditions: CD147 is more abundant in conditions like asthma, obesity, and hypertension, potentially explaining why these conditions increase the risk of severe COVID-19.
A Glimmer of Hope: Potential Treatment Avenues
The discovery of CD147 as a potential entry point for SARS-CoV-2 opens up exciting possibilities for treatment:
- Meplazumab: This lab-designed antibody, originally intended to block CD147, has shown promise in early studies by hindering the virus's ability to infect cells.
- Azithromycin: This common antibiotic, used to treat bacterial infections and malaria, might also block SARS-CoV-2 from using CD147 to enter cells.
The Importance of Continued Research
While these findings are promising, it's crucial to remember that research is ongoing. Larger, more rigorous studies are needed to confirm the role of CD147 in COVID-19 and the effectiveness of potential treatments.
The Takeaway
The potential for SARS-CoV-2 to use CD147 as a backdoor into our cells highlights the complexity of this virus. Continued research into this and other cellular pathways is crucial for developing effective treatments and protecting ourselves from the impact of COVID-19.
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